The arthrosis of the knee joint in the medical dictionaries is located under the name "Gonartrosi".
What is it?A disease caused by a degenerative dystrophic process that affects knee cartilage.
The symptoms of arthrosis of the joint develop slowly, for years, manifested by a painful signal that read movements.Among the other joint arthrosis, that is to say the knee, and not the hip, the elbow, the shoulder or the phalanx, occupies a leader's position in the number of suffering patients.
The statistical data lead to the conclusion that more than others, the arthrosis of the knee joint is subjected to people of the age of or greater than forty, and for the most part between the weak half of the population.
Often the development of the disease is observed in young people, but is associated with excessive injuries or loads in athletes.
Causes
It is impossible to affirmatively declare the existence of a single reason that promotes the development of arthrosis of the knee joint, however, it has been shown that there is a certain set of provocative factors, under the influence of which the risk of this violation increases with age.In medicine, there are two mechanisms that explain the occurrence of osteoarthritis:
- Primary: implies the main reason for the age factor (body aging and all tissues), as well as obesity, hereditary predisposition and regular physical activity for life.
- SECONDARY - It is located in 30% of patients with arthrosis of the joint and is explained by the result of the lesion (fractures of the lower part of the leg, explosions of ligaments and cartilage damage, meniscus).In such cases, arthrosis begins its event after 3-4 years and with serious damage even after a couple of months.
Some facts on the gonartrosis of the joints.
In medical practice, there have been cases where people after 40 started active sports, in particular the race and intensive squats.With the start of age -related changes, it is impossible to abruptly load the body and its individual parts, this can cause the activation of dystrophic and degenerative processes in the joints.
In addition to injuries and serious damage, cross -country diseases (psoriatic arthritis, reactive or rheumatoid; gout; varicose veins) can affect the occurrence of arthrosis of the joint;
Professional sports, regular physical activity, hard work or weighting, frequent climbing up for stairs up to high ages in old age are also able to lead to the development of the disease in the knee joint.In the risk area there is a place for those who have had spinal lesions, neurological diseases, diabetes mellitus, metabolic disorders and hereditary weakness of the binding apparatus.
In half or even most cases of this joint disease, the main cause was a spasm in the muscles of the front surface of the thigh.Before the pain begins to manifest itself in the knees, this spasm can remain unnoticed for a long period of time, when a person will cause discomfort, lumbar pain, tired condition and heaviness in the legs.The constant spasmodic state of the rectum and the lover muscle of the iliac of the thigh, over the years, "pulls" the knees, blocking free movement.
Sensational discovery in medicine.
More recently, the Belgian orthopedic surgeons of the city of Leven have discovered an anterioral ligament so far unknown and so far unexplored (everything), located in a person's knee.Another name of the ligament is "front -line".
It has been noted that some patients even after working the knee ligaments felt the instability of the joint and the pain in minor loads.
Four studies on almost fifty knee joints have given their splendid "fruits" in the form of opening of this ligament, completely non -familiar until that day.The Anterolateral ligament provides the rotation function of the tibia.It requires surgical correction for operations performed after injuries, which, out of ignorance, the Orthopedists doctors have always neglected.
The first, second and third degree of arthrosis of the knee joint
As you know, gonartrosis in most cases develops only in one of the joints and given the intensity of the pathological processes, medicine has identified the 3 degrees of arthrosis of the joints:
1 degree
In this phase of the "emergency" of the disease, there is no bone and joint deformation, the manifestation of the disease lies in the rare related to the load of pain in the joint.An incredible swelling of the joint is also possible, which can disappear independently.
2 degrees
This phase is characterized by intense and long pain, which grows with small physical effort, walking, after gravity.You can clearly feel a creak in the joint.In the second phase, the deformation of the joint begins to develop, which leads to a moderate restriction of movement.
3 degrees
The symptoms are actively developed and manifested in full.Regular pain leads to the pace disorder, the deformation of the joint is quite evident, its mobility is limited.The strengthening of pain depends on the change in weather conditions.The penetrating nature of pain interrupts the dream, it becomes difficult to choose a convenient position.
What is the arthrosis of the knee joint?
- The blocking of the knee joint and damage to the meniscus.This disease is characterized by active development, it occurs after a crystal without success in a cup of knee with acute pain, which literally attenuates after a quarter of an hour.The next day there is a knee swelling.
- Rheumatoid arthritis reactive, psorial, rheumatoid, joint rheumatism, gout.The main difference between arthrosis and arthritis is in the blood.The results of the analysis for arthrosis will not reveal any change, but in the results with arthritis everything will indicate the inflammatory process.
- Inflammation of knee tendons.Women after 40 years can try pain in the elevators and downhill on the stairs and wear.The pain is focused on the internal surface, without any restriction on the knees.
- Vascular knee pain.Pain occurs immediately in two knees (symmetrically), often in adolescence with an accelerated bone growth, it may appear due to meteorological change, with colds and physical activity.Patients call this condition "hit" their knees.
Symptoms of arthrosis of the knee joint
When the disease appears, the symptoms occur gradually.In the initial phase, only a minimal discomfort appears, an insignificant pain from the excursions on the stairs -this is the Rotel syndrome -thus called.A distinctive feature of the arthrosis of the knee joint is a symptom of initial pain.With a strong change of position from the seal to the standing position, the first steps are given very painfully.However, the pain leaves every movement, but can return after a tangible load.The external state of the knee does not change immediately.Only because of the accumulation of fluid, can it slightly release or become spherical.
Initially, arthrosis leads to the fact that the flow of blood to the cartilage IALINA is disturbed, over time it dries and breaks.Therefore, there are obstacles to the cartilage movement, which contribute to the microtrauma of the tissue.Uffrescencies are formed on the bone structures, leading to an even more complicated intake of nutrients and cartilage degeneration.
Due to this pathology, the second stage is characterized by greater symptoms and by the appearance of severe pain the minimum load.Resting, he calms down, but he continues to move - he returns again.It becomes impossible to bend the leg as much as possible because a sharp pain interferes, a coarse creak is evident when walking.
When arthrosis was finally affected by the knee joint, the bone is completely deformed, there is practically no cartilage tissue.The pain does not give rest around the clock, lying down and standing, the legs can bend and become x or figurative, walking without support for the patient is very difficult.
Diagnosis and treatment of osteoarthritis
The first degree of arthrosis does not allow to diagnose the disease using a normal examination, but on 2 and 3 evident deformations of the articulation and bones become a clear sign, the axis of the limbs changes, the movements are bound and accompanied by crunning.
In addition to the diagnosis of standard radiating, more effective methods are used: they are coach and magnetic resonance imaging.
The chondroprotective agents are prescribed as a pharmacological treatment to replace the synovial fluid.Also for treatment, an intra -articular administration of steroid hormones may be required.Treatment with Santorium-stay is very useful.
The treatment of arthrosis of the 3rd degree knee joint should be complex and consist of drug therapy and special procedures, such as physiotherapy, therapeutic massage and gymnastics and mud.
As a modern treatment method, injections in the knee joint are used for arthrosis, drugs are used for this in the form of hyaluronic acid.It serves as "liquid" prostheses that performs the functions of a real synovial fluid that provides lubrication of joint surfaces, nutrition and restoration.
In the event of inaccessible treatment, the possibility of joint endopropostetic is not excluded, but only if the patient is at a young age, arthrosis is seriously expressed in pain and the movement is fully limited.
Diet
Exchange, completeness, interrupted obesity, all this can lead to an additional load on the joints, in particular to those weak.If you have diagnosed the deforming arthrosis of the articulation of the right knee or left, you must immediately review the daily diet.The light dishes prepared in an demanding way should prevail: boiled, agitated or steamed.Their regular use will lead to a gradual and confident loss of extra kilos, which will satisfy the joints, ligaments and all internal bodies.
But also the diet with the arthrosis of the joints for treatment should combine products that influence favorably tissues, bones and cartilage, restoring them if possible.Here it is worth paying attention to a strong broth prepared by the bones, a cold man and a jelly.
Proteins should also be present daily for treatment.You can draw it from chicken and rabbit meat, cheese and ricotta, as well as legumes.The painful joints need vitamin and immensely, therefore in the almond (or in the hazelnut) and in the oven fish, never deny.
Useful carbohydrates are consumed by various cereals, sweet fruit and wholemeal bread.Eating with arthrosis of the knee joint cannot be represented without vegetables, the profit they are a colored cabbage, broccoli, courgettes, courgets and carrots.
Operating therapy
Treatment with the help of physiotherapy exercises with arthrosis of the knee joint cannot only be an auxiliary method and in accordance with the doctor.
This gymnastics is very simple to perform and does not require any investment, but, despite this, it is very effective.Here are some exercises of operating therapy with arthrosis of the joints:
- Lying on the floor, on the stomach it is necessary to alternately bend and fold the joints of the knee of both legs.
- Turn on the back, pull on the knee of each leg to the stomach in turn and bring the leg back to its original position.
- Perform several tens of rotation movements with the lower limbs called "bicycle".
- Cross the leg on the type of imitation of "scissors".
The exercises for the treatment with arthrosis of the joints are useful to be combined with the massage.
The treatment with massage with arthrosis of the knee joint can also be performed independently, having previously studied the correct technique of its implementation.
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